Fix bug 4981, which caused the second half (decreasing loss rates) to not test anything. In the process, the test is changed slightly to make it less dependent on the exact rounding behavior of doubles (by not testing exactly at the the points where the effective loss rate goes through a step---just very very close). A bunch of symbolic constants are also replaced with easy-to-read literal numbers. BUG=4981 Review URL: https://codereview.webrtc.org/1316673010 Cr-Commit-Position: refs/heads/master@{#9908}