diff --git a/api/video/encoded_image.cc b/api/video/encoded_image.cc
index d2cc751317..55970fcd00 100644
--- a/api/video/encoded_image.cc
+++ b/api/video/encoded_image.cc
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ void EncodedImage::Retain() {
 }
 
 void EncodedImage::Allocate(size_t capacity) {
-  if (encoded_data_) {
+  if (encoded_data_ && encoded_data_->HasOneRef()) {
     encoded_data_->Realloc(capacity);
   } else {
     encoded_data_ = EncodedImageBuffer::Create(capacity);
diff --git a/api/video/encoded_image.h b/api/video/encoded_image.h
index 9aa5046a3e..a980ef7ee1 100644
--- a/api/video/encoded_image.h
+++ b/api/video/encoded_image.h
@@ -47,6 +47,9 @@ class EncodedImageBufferInterface : public rtc::RefCountInterface {
   // EncodedImage::Allocate. Implemented properly only by the below concrete
   // class
   virtual void Realloc(size_t size) { RTC_NOTREACHED(); }
+  // Will be implemented by RefCountedObject, which also implements
+  // |rtc::RefCountInterface|.
+  virtual bool HasOneRef() const = 0;
 };
 
 // Basic implementation of EncodedImageBufferInterface.