diff --git a/video/video_stream_encoder.cc b/video/video_stream_encoder.cc
index 91e5fb77bc..bde8881fdb 100644
--- a/video/video_stream_encoder.cc
+++ b/video/video_stream_encoder.cc
@@ -1699,6 +1699,8 @@ void VideoStreamEncoder::MaybeEncodeVideoFrame(const VideoFrame& video_frame,
       pending_frame_.reset();
       accumulated_update_rect_.Union(video_frame.update_rect());
       accumulated_update_rect_is_valid_ &= video_frame.has_update_rect();
+      encoder_stats_observer_->OnFrameDropped(
+          VideoStreamEncoderObserver::DropReason::kEncoderQueue);
     }
     return;
   }
@@ -1718,6 +1720,8 @@ void VideoStreamEncoder::MaybeEncodeVideoFrame(const VideoFrame& video_frame,
       TraceFrameDropStart();
       accumulated_update_rect_.Union(video_frame.update_rect());
       accumulated_update_rect_is_valid_ &= video_frame.has_update_rect();
+      encoder_stats_observer_->OnFrameDropped(
+          VideoStreamEncoderObserver::DropReason::kEncoderQueue);
     }
     return;
   }
@@ -2185,14 +2189,22 @@ void VideoStreamEncoder::OnBitrateUpdated(DataRate target_bitrate,
     RTC_LOG(LS_INFO) << "Video suspend state changed to: "
                      << (video_is_suspended ? "suspended" : "not suspended");
     encoder_stats_observer_->OnSuspendChange(video_is_suspended);
-  }
-  if (video_suspension_changed && !video_is_suspended && pending_frame_ &&
-      !DropDueToSize(pending_frame_->size())) {
-    int64_t pending_time_us =
-        clock_->CurrentTime().us() - pending_frame_post_time_us_;
-    if (pending_time_us < kPendingFrameTimeoutMs * 1000)
-      EncodeVideoFrame(*pending_frame_, pending_frame_post_time_us_);
-    pending_frame_.reset();
+
+    if (!video_is_suspended && pending_frame_ &&
+        !DropDueToSize(pending_frame_->size())) {
+      // A pending stored frame can be processed.
+      int64_t pending_time_us =
+          clock_->CurrentTime().us() - pending_frame_post_time_us_;
+      if (pending_time_us < kPendingFrameTimeoutMs * 1000)
+        EncodeVideoFrame(*pending_frame_, pending_frame_post_time_us_);
+      pending_frame_.reset();
+    } else if (!video_is_suspended && !pending_frame_ &&
+               encoder_paused_and_dropped_frame_) {
+      // A frame was enqueued during pause-state, but since it was a native
+      // frame we could not store it in `pending_frame_` so request a
+      // refresh-frame instead.
+      RequestRefreshFrame();
+    }
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/video/video_stream_encoder_unittest.cc b/video/video_stream_encoder_unittest.cc
index 91c528cf74..190c1d7ab2 100644
--- a/video/video_stream_encoder_unittest.cc
+++ b/video/video_stream_encoder_unittest.cc
@@ -604,12 +604,15 @@ class AdaptingFrameForwarder : public test::FrameForwarder {
     test::FrameForwarder::AddOrUpdateSinkLocked(sink, wants);
   }
 
+  void RequestRefreshFrame() override { ++refresh_frames_requested_; }
+
   TimeController* const time_controller_;
   cricket::VideoAdapter adapter_;
   bool adaptation_enabled_ RTC_GUARDED_BY(mutex_);
   rtc::VideoSinkWants last_wants_ RTC_GUARDED_BY(mutex_);
   absl::optional<int> last_width_;
   absl::optional<int> last_height_;
+  int refresh_frames_requested_{0};
 };
 
 // TODO(nisse): Mock only VideoStreamEncoderObserver.
@@ -8610,6 +8613,29 @@ TEST_F(VideoStreamEncoderTest,
   video_stream_encoder_->Stop();
 }
 
+TEST_F(VideoStreamEncoderTest,
+       RequestsRefreshFrameAfterEarlyDroppedNativeFrame) {
+  // Send a native frame before encoder rates have been set. The encoder is
+  // seen as paused at this time.
+  rtc::Event frame_destroyed_event;
+  video_source_.IncomingCapturedFrame(CreateFakeNativeFrame(
+      /*ntp_time_ms=*/1, &frame_destroyed_event, codec_width_, codec_height_));
+
+  // Frame should be dropped and destroyed.
+  ExpectDroppedFrame();
+  EXPECT_TRUE(frame_destroyed_event.Wait(kDefaultTimeoutMs));
+  EXPECT_EQ(video_source_.refresh_frames_requested_, 0);
+
+  // Set bitrates, unpausing the encoder and triggering a request for a refresh
+  // frame.
+  video_stream_encoder_->OnBitrateUpdatedAndWaitForManagedResources(
+      kTargetBitrate, kTargetBitrate, kTargetBitrate, 0, 0, 0);
+  video_stream_encoder_->WaitUntilTaskQueueIsIdle();
+  EXPECT_EQ(video_source_.refresh_frames_requested_, 1);
+
+  video_stream_encoder_->Stop();
+}
+
 #endif  // !defined(WEBRTC_IOS)
 
 // Test parameters: (VideoCodecType codec, bool allow_i420_conversion)