diff --git a/api/video_codecs/BUILD.gn b/api/video_codecs/BUILD.gn
index ceb8eaf218..4a8a380ecf 100644
--- a/api/video_codecs/BUILD.gn
+++ b/api/video_codecs/BUILD.gn
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ rtc_source_set("video_codecs_api") {
     "../../rtc_base:checks",
     "../../rtc_base:rtc_base_approved",
     "../../rtc_base/system:rtc_export",
+    "../units:data_rate",
     "../video:encoded_image",
     "../video:video_bitrate_allocation",
     "../video:video_codec_constants",
diff --git a/api/video_codecs/video_encoder.cc b/api/video_codecs/video_encoder.cc
index 233ca24e49..abdbf8c060 100644
--- a/api/video_codecs/video_encoder.cc
+++ b/api/video_codecs/video_encoder.cc
@@ -125,6 +125,11 @@ int32_t VideoEncoder::SetRateAllocation(
   return SetRates(allocation.get_sum_kbps(), framerate);
 }
 
+void VideoEncoder::SetRates(const RateControlParameters& parameters) {
+  SetRateAllocation(parameters.bitrate,
+                    static_cast<uint32_t>(parameters.framerate_fps + 0.5));
+}
+
 void VideoEncoder::OnPacketLossRateUpdate(float packet_loss_rate) {}
 
 void VideoEncoder::OnRttUpdate(int64_t rtt_ms) {}
diff --git a/api/video_codecs/video_encoder.h b/api/video_codecs/video_encoder.h
index 9ff8faacda..90cd8226b0 100644
--- a/api/video_codecs/video_encoder.h
+++ b/api/video_codecs/video_encoder.h
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 #include "absl/container/inlined_vector.h"
 #include "absl/types/optional.h"
+#include "api/units/data_rate.h"
 #include "api/video/encoded_image.h"
 #include "api/video/video_bitrate_allocation.h"
 #include "api/video/video_codec_constants.h"
@@ -192,6 +193,21 @@ class RTC_EXPORT VideoEncoder {
         fps_allocation[kMaxSpatialLayers];
   };
 
+  struct RateControlParameters {
+    // Target bitrate, per spatial/temporal layer.
+    // A target bitrate of 0bps indicates a layer should not be encoded at all.
+    VideoBitrateAllocation bitrate;
+    // Target framerate, in fps. A value <= 0.0 is invalid and should be
+    // interpreted as framerate target not available. In this case the encoder
+    // should fall back to the max framerate specified in |codec_settings| of
+    // the last InitEncode() call.
+    double framerate_fps;
+    // The network bandwidth available for video. This is at least
+    // |bitrate.get_sum_bps()|, but may be higher if the application is not
+    // network constrained.
+    DataRate bandwidth_allocation;
+  };
+
   static VideoCodecVP8 GetDefaultVp8Settings();
   static VideoCodecVP9 GetDefaultVp9Settings();
   static VideoCodecH264 GetDefaultH264Settings();
@@ -249,20 +265,27 @@ class RTC_EXPORT VideoEncoder {
                          const CodecSpecificInfo* codec_specific_info,
                          const std::vector<VideoFrameType>* frame_types);
 
-  // Inform the encoder about the new target bit rate.
-  //
-  // Input:
-  //          - bitrate         : New target bit rate
-  //          - framerate       : The target frame rate
-  //
-  // Return value                : WEBRTC_VIDEO_CODEC_OK if OK, < 0 otherwise.
+  // DEPRECATED! Instead use the one below:
+  // void SetRateAllocation(const VideoBitrateAllocation&, DataRate, uint32)
+  // For now has a default implementation that call RTC_NOTREACHED().
+  // TODO(bugs.webrtc.org/10481): Remove this once all usage is gone.
   virtual int32_t SetRates(uint32_t bitrate, uint32_t framerate);
 
-  // Default fallback: Just use the sum of bitrates as the single target rate.
-  // TODO(sprang): Remove this default implementation when we remove SetRates().
+  // DEPRECATED! Instead, use void SetRates(const RateControlParameters&);
+  // For now has a default implementation that calls
+  // int32_t SetRates(uin32_t, uint32_t) with |allocation.get_sum_kbps()| and
+  // |framerate| as arguments. This will be removed.
+  // TODO(bugs.webrtc.org/10481): Remove this once all usage is gone.
   virtual int32_t SetRateAllocation(const VideoBitrateAllocation& allocation,
                                     uint32_t framerate);
 
+  // Sets rate control parameters: bitrate, framerate, etc. These settings are
+  // instantaneous (i.e. not moving averages) and should apply from now until
+  // the next call to SetRates().
+  // Default implementation will call SetRateAllocation() with appropriate
+  // members of |parameters| as parameters.
+  virtual void SetRates(const RateControlParameters& parameters);
+
   // Inform the encoder when the packet loss rate changes.
   //
   // Input:   - packet_loss_rate  : The packet loss rate (0.0 to 1.0).